The study carried out aimed to analyse the advantages and disadvantages of perspective, and then focus on the qualitative analysis of students’ perceptions of the strengths and weaknesses of using ChatGPT in the university context. It took place within a broader process initiated within the Docimology workshop developed at the University of Palermo ‒ course of studies in Pedagogical Sciences - in the academic year 2023/2024 with 160 students, in which the aim was to verify whether targeted teaching actions, built within the theoretical framework of formative assessment, could increase students’ levels of awareness, sensitizing them to the possible risks of erosion of critical thinking and verification of the accuracy of the sources consulted. The qualitative thematic analysis, conducted at the end of the educational intervention, reveals the need to promote a critical and conscious use of ChatGPT, supported by docimological and metacognitive skills.