Articoli/Articles
V. 15 N. 2 (2024): Intelligenza Artificiale nella scuola e nella formazione universitaria. Rischi e opportunità
AI in the class: Uses, doubts, challenges and perceptions of a sample of teachers from different nationalities
Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti - Pescara
Abstract
In the post-digital context (Jandric et al., 2018; Ranieri and Bonaiuti, 2024; Eugeni, 2015), Artificial Intelligence has become a pivotal technology across many fields, including education (Hwang, Chang, 2023). This study examines teachers’ use of AI, analyzing its applications, perceptions, and impacts on pedagogy. Through a questionnaire administered to N = 133 teachers, the findings reveal a limited familiarity with AI, although educators recognize its potential to personalize learning and enhance administrative efficiency. Concerns persist regarding the potential erosion of teacher authority, the risk of superficial learning, and the ethical implications of AI usage. The research emphasizes the need for targeted teacher training and a thoughtful reflection on the consequences of AI adoption in educational settings (Panciroli and Rivoltella, 2023).
Riferimenti bibliografici
- Accoto C. (2024). Protomedialità. Un azzardato orizzontare. In S. Moriggi (ed.). Postmedialità. Società ed educazione. Raffaello Cortina Editore.
- Akgun S., Greenhow C. (2022). Artificial intelligence in education: Addressing ethical challenges in K-12 settings. AI and Ethics, 2(3): 431-440. DOI: 10.1007/s43681-021-00096-7.
- Al Darayseh A. (2023). Acceptance of artificial intelligence in teaching science: Science teachers’ perspective. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 4. DOI: 10.1016/j.caeai.2023.100132.
- Alwaqdani M. (2024). Investigating teachers’ perceptions of artificial intelligence tools in education: potential and difficulties. Education and Information Technologies. DOI: 10.1007/s10639-024-12903-9.
- Bezjak S. (2024). Perceptions and Perspectives: Understanding Teachers’ Attitudes Towards AI in Education. Development, 23, 25.
- Braun V., Clarke V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology, 3(2): 77-101.
- Braun V., Clarke V. (2022). Thematic Analysis: A Practical Guide. Sage Pubblication.
- Celik I. (2023). Towards Intelligent-TPACK: An empirical study on teachers’ professional knowledge to ethically integrate artificial intelligence (AI)-based tools into education. Computers in Human Behavior, 138. DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107468.
- Chen L., Chen P., and Lin Z. (2020). Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Review. IEEE Access, 8: 75264-75278. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2988510.
- Choi S., Jang Y., and Kim H. (2023). Influence of Pedagogical Beliefs and Perceived Trust on Teachers’ Acceptance of Educational Artificial Intelligence Tools. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 39(4): 910-922. DOI: 10.1080/10447318.2022.2049145.
- Chounta I. A., Bardone E., Raudsep A., and Pedaste M. (2022). Exploring Teachers’ Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence as a Tool to Support their Practice in Estonian K-12 Education. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 32(3): 725-755. DOI: 10.1007/s40593-021-00243-5.
- Cristianini (2024). Machina Sapiens. L’algoritmo che ci ha rubato il segreto della conoscenza. il Mulino.
- Cunningham-Nelson S., Boles W., Trouton L., and Margerison E. (2019). A review of chatbots in education: practical steps forward. In 30th annual conference for the australasian association for engineering education (AAEE 2019): educators becoming agents of change: innovate, integrate, motivate (pp. 299-306). Engineers Australia.
- Dahene S. (2019). Imparare. Il talento del cervello, la sfida delle macchine. Raffaello Cortina Editore.
- Davis F. D., Bagozzi R. P., and Warshaw P. R. (1989). Technology acceptance model. Journal of Management Science, 35(8): 982-1003.
- Esposito E. (2022). Comunicazione artificiale. Come gli algoritmi producono intelligenza sociale. Bocconi University Press.
- Eugeni R. (2015). La condizione postmediale. La Scuola.
- Floridi L. (2014). La quarta rivoluzione. Come l’infosfera sta trasformando il mondo. Raffaello Cortina Editore.
- Floridi L. (2022). Etica dell’intelligenza artificiale. Sviluppi, opportunità e sfide. Raffaello Cortina Editore.
- Giannandrea L. (2019). Valutazione, feedback, tecnologie. In P. C. Rivoltella and P. G. Rossi (Eds.), Tecnologie per l’educazione (prima edizione). Pearson.
- Giannandrea L., Ferrari S., and Laici C. (2024). Tecnologie per la riflessione e l’autovalutazione. E-portfolio, feedback, open badge. In P. C. Rivoltella and P. G. Rossi (Eds.), Tecnologie per l’educazione. Pearson.
- Hitchcock J. H., Onwuegbuzie A. J. (2020). Developing Mixed Methods Crossover Analysis Approaches. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 14(1): 63-83. DOI: 10.1177/1558689819841782.
- Hwang G. J., Chang C. Y. (2023). A review of opportunities and challenges of chatbots in education. Interactive Learning Environments, 31(7): 4099-4112. DOI: 10.1080/10494820.2021.1952615.
- Jandrić P., Knox J., Besley T., Ryberg T., Suoranta J., and Hayes S. (2018). Postdigital science and education. Educational philosophy and theory, 50(10): 893-899.
- Joo Y. J., Park S., and Lim E. (2018). Factors influencing preservice teachers’ intention to use technology: TPACK, teacher self-efficacy, and technology acceptance model. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 21(3): 48-59.
- Kamalov F., Santandreu Calonge D., and Gurrib I. (2023). New Era of Artificial Intelligence in Education: Towards a Sustainable Multifaceted Revolution. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(16). DOI: 10.3390/su151612451.
- Kaplan-Rakowski R., Grotewold K., Hartwick P., and Papin K. (2023). Generative AI and Teachers’ Perspectives on Its Implementation in Education. Journal of Interactive Learning Research, 34(2).
- Kim J. (2024). Leading teachers’ perspective on teacher-AI collaboration in education. Education and Information Technologies, 29(7): 8693-8724. DOI: 10.1007/s10639-023-12109-5.
- Kim N. J., Kim M. K. (2022). Teacher’s Perceptions of Using an Artificial Intelligence-Based Educational Tool for Scientific Writing. Frontiers in Education, 7. DOI: 10.3389/feduc.2022.755914.
- Knox J. (2020). Artificial intelligence and education in China. Learning, Media and Technology, 45(3): 298-311. DOI: 10.1080/17439884.2020.1754236.
- Kooli C. (2023). Chatbots in Education and Research: A Critical Examination of Ethical Implications and Solutions. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(7). DOI: 10.3390/su15075614.
- Lo C. K. (2023). What Is the Impact of ChatGPT on Education? A Rapid Review of the Literature. Education Sciences, 13(4). DOI: 10.3390/educsci13040410.
- Luckin R., George K., and Cukurova M. (2022). AI for school teachers. CRC Press.
- Malterud K., Siersma V. D., and Guassora A. D. (2016). Sample Size in Qualitative Interview Studies: Guided by Information Power. Qualitative Health Research, 26(13): 1753-1760. DOI: 10.1177/1049732315617444.
- Manovich, L. (2020). L'estetica dell'intelligenza artificiale: Modelli digitali e analitica culturale. Luca Sossella Editore.
- Manovich L. (2023). Cultural analytic. L’analisi computazionale della cultura. Raffaello Cortina Editore.
- Mogavi R. H., Deng C., Kim J. J., Zhou P., Kwon Y. D., Metwally A. H. S., ... and Hui P. (2024). ChatGPT in education: A blessing or a curse? A qualitative study exploring early adopters’ utilization and perceptions. Computers in Human Behavior: Artificial Humans, 2(1), 100027.
- Panciroli C., Rivoltella P. C. (2023). Pedagogia algoritmica. Per una riflessione educativa sull’intelligenza artificiale. Scholé.
- Pentucci M. (2018). I formati pedagogici nelle pratiche degli insegnanti. FrancoAngeli.
- Pireddu M., Moriggi S. (2024). L’Intelligenza Artificiale e i suoi fantasmi: Vivere e pensare con le reti generative. Il Margine.
- Pireddu, M. (2024). La scatola nera di Dürer. Apprendimento automatico, immaginazione, postmedialità. In Moriggi, S. (ed). Postmedialità. Società ed educazione. Raffaello Cortina Editore.
- Pokrivcakova S. (2019). Preparing teachers for the application of AI-powered technologies in foreign language education. Journal of Language and Cultural Education, 7(3): 135-153. DOI: 10.2478/jolace-2019-0025.
- Ranieri M. Bonaiuti G. (2024). La didattica postdigitale. In P.C. Rivoltella, P.G. Rossi (eds.), Nuovo agire didattico. Scholé.
- Ranieri M., Cuomo S., and Biagini G. (2024). Scuola e intelligenza artificiale. Percorsi di alfabetizzazione critica. Carocci.
- Rivoltella P.C, (2020). Nuovi Alfabeti. Educazione e culture nella società post-mediale. Scholé.
- Rivoltella P.C. (2024). Nuovi alfabeti, nuove culture. In P.C. Rivoltella and P.G. Rossi (eds.). Tecnologie per l’apprendimento. Seconda edizione. Pearson.
- Sarsini D., Cambi F., Mariani A., and Giosi M. (2017). Pedagogia generale. Identità, percorsi, funzione. Carocci.
- Sharma R. C., Kawachi P., and Bozkurt A. (2019). The landscape of artificial intelligence in open, online and distance education: Promises and concerns. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 14(2): 1-2.
- Surugiu C., Gradinaru C., and Surugiu M.-R. (2024). Artificial Intelligence in Business Education: Benefits and Tools. Amfiteatru Economic, 26(65), 241. DOI: 10.24818/EA/2024/65/241.
- Timms M. J. (2016). Letting artificial intelligence in education out of the box: educational cobots and smart classrooms. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 26: 701-712.
- Trinchero R. (2004). I metodi della ricerca educativa. Laterza.
- UNESCO (2023). Guidance for generative AI in education and research. In Guidance for generative AI in education and research. UNESCO. DOI: 10.54675/ewzm9535.
- UNESCO (2019). BEIJING CONSENSUS on artificial intelligence and education. https://en.unesco.org/themes/ict-education.
- Yau K. W., Chai C. S., Chiu T. K. F., Meng H., King I., and Yam Y. (2023). A phenomenographic approach on teacher conceptions of teaching Artificial Intelligence (AI) in K-12 schools. Education and Information Technologies, 28(1): 1041-1064. DOI: 10.1007/s10639-022-11161-x.