Salta al menu principale di navigazione Salta al contenuto principale Salta al piè di pagina del sito
FrancoAngeli Journals

Articoli

N. 4 (2025)

Viaggiare vicino a casa per contrastare il capitalismo fossile? Una riflessione esplorativa e critica sul turismo di prossimità come strategia di decrescita

  • Elisa Magnani
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3280/rgioa4-2025oa21680
Inviata
15 dicembre 2025
Pubblicato
12-01-2026

Abstract

Questo saggio propone un’analisi esplorativa dell’interconnessione tra il turismo di prossimità, il nesso cambiamento climatico/turismo, il pensiero critico sulla decrescita del turismo. Viene anzitutto introdotta una concettualizzazione spaziale ed epistemologica sul turismo di prossimità, alla luce del cambiamento climatico, cui segue una ricostruzione del dibattito critico sulla decrescita turistica. Infine, si propone una riflessione sull’incrocio tra queste prospettive di studio, arrivando a interrogarsi sull’effettiva possibilità che il turismo di prossimità possa divenire uno strumento di contrasto al capitalismo fossile, portando alla luce alcune criticità che attengono all’equo accesso alla mobilità turistica e alla giustizia socio-ambientale.

Riferimenti bibliografici

  1. Becken S. (2019). Decarbonising tourism: mission impossible? Tourism Recreation Research, 44(4): 419-433. DOI: 10.1080/02508281.2019.1598042.
  2. Bellato L., Pollock A. (2025). Regenerative tourism: A state-of-the-art review. Tourism Geographies, 27(3-4): 558-567. DOI: 10.1080/14616688.2023.2294366.
  3. Bertoncin M., Pase A. (2022). Geographical proximity questioned. In: Handbook of Proximity Relations (pp. 204-219). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
  4. Bianchi R.V., Milano C. (2024). Polycrisis and the metamorphosis of tourism capitalism. Annals of Tourism Research, 104: 103731. DOI: 10.1016/j.annals.2024.103731.
  5. Bigby B.C., Edgar J., Higgins-Desbiolles F. (2022). Place-based Governance in Tourism: Placing Local Communities at the Centre of Tourism. In: Higgins-Desbiolles F., Bigby B.C. (Eds.), The local turn in tourism: Empowering communities (Vol. 95, pp. 31- 53). Channel View Publications.
  6. Blanco-Romero A., Blázquez-Salom M., Fletcher R. (2025.) Fair vs. fake touristic degrowth. Tourism Recreation Research, 50(2): 435-439. DOI:10.1080/02508281.2023.2248578.
  7. Butcher J. (2023). Covid-19, tourism and the advocacy of degrowth. Tourism Recreation Research, 48(5): 633-642. DOI: 10.1080/02508281.2019.1598042.
  8. Chen J., Chen N. (2016). Beyond the everyday? Rethinking place meanings in tourism. Tourism Geographies, 19(1): 9-26. DOI: 10.1080/14616688.2016.1208677.
  9. Chenguang Wu D. et al. (2022). Impact of domestic tourism on economy under COVID-19: The perspective of tourism satellite accounts. Annals of Tourism Research Empirical Insights, 3: 100055. DOI: 10.1016/j.annale.2022.100055.
  10. Chiarella S., Magnani E. (2024). Pratiche turistiche nelle aree interne dell’Appennino abruzzese. Le sfide della strategia di promozione e valorizzazione turistica del Distretto Terre della Baronia. Fuori Luogo. Rivista di sociologia del territorio, turismo, tecnologia, VII, 18(1): 91-102.
  11. Coldiretti-Ixé (2021). Estate: 33,5 mln di italiani in vacanza, +32% stranieri. www.coldiretti.it/economia/estate-335-mln-di-italiani-in-vacanza-32-stranieri (Ultimo accesso: 14/07/2025).
  12. Cortes-Jimenez I. (2008). Which Type of Tourism Matters to Regional Economic Growth? The Cases of Spain and Italy. International Journal of Tourism Research, 10(2): 127-39. DOI: 10.1002/jtr.646.
  13. Degrowth (2008). Paris 2008. Testo disponibile al sito: https://degrowth.info/en/conference/paris-2008-2 (Ultimo accesso: 08/04/2025).
  14. Dıaz Soria I., Llurdes Coit J. (2013). Thoughts about proximity tourism as a strategy for local development. Cuadernos de Turismo, 32: 303-305.
  15. Diaz-Soria I. (2017). Being a tourist as a chosen experience in a proximity destination. Tourism Geographies, 19(1): 96-117. DOI: 10.1080/14616688.2016.1214976.
  16. Diaz-Soria I. (2024). Proximity tourism within social solidarity economy: Spanish experiences. Documenti Geografici, 3: 15-33. DOI: 10.19246/DOCUGEO2281-7549/202403_02.
  17. Di Matteo G., Cisani M., Castiglioni B., Meneghello S. (2024). Le riserve della biosfera Unesco italiane e un (eco)turismo di prossimità: quali criticità e possibilità? Documenti Geografici, 3: 123-144. DOI: 10.19246/DOCUGEO2281-7549/202403_08.
  18. Dickinson J.E., Lumsdon L., Robbins D. (2011). Slow travel: issues for tourism and climate change. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 19(3): 281-300. DOI: 10.1080/09669582.2010.524704.
  19. Eijgelaar E., Peeters P., Piket P. (2008). Domestic and international tourism in a globalized world. International Conference of International Tourism, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
  20. ENIT (2021). Vacanze esive. L’open-air traina le scelte degli italiani. Ecco i trend. 15/07/2021. www.enit.it/it/vacanze-estive-lopen-air- traina-le-scelte-degli-italiani-ecco-i-trend.
  21. Figueroa E.B., Rotarou E.S. (2021). Island Tourism-Based Sustainable Development at a Crossroads: Facing the Challenges of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Sustainability, 13: 10081. DOI: 10.3390/su131810081.
  22. Fletcher R., Blanco-Romero A., Blázquez-Salom M., Cañada E., Murray Mas I., Sekulova F. (2023). Pathways to post-capitalist tourism, Tourism Geographies, 25(2-3): 707-728. DOI: 10.1080/14616688.2021.1965202.
  23. Fletcher R., Murray Mas I., Blanco-Romero A., Blázquez-Salom M. (2019). Tourism and degrowth: an emerging agenda for research and praxis. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(12): 1745-1763. DOI: 10.1080/09669582.2019.1679822.
  24. Foley A.M. et al. (2022). Small Island Developing States in a post-pandemic world: Challenges and opportunities for climate action. WIREs Climate Change, 13(3): e769. DOI: 10.1002/wcc.769.
  25. Gosetti V., Walsh A., Finch-Race D.A. (2023). Reclaiming provincialism. Human Geography, 16(1): 87-94. DOI: 10.1177/19427786221138.
  26. Gössling S., Hall C.M., Scott D. (2009). The Challenges of Tourism as a Development Strategy in an Era of Global Climate Change. In: Palosuo E., a cura di, Rethinking Development in a Carbon-Constrained World. Development Cooperation and Climate Change (pp. 110-119). Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland. Gössling S., Hall C.M., Peeters P., Scott D. (2010). The Future of Tourism: Can Tourism Growth and Climate Policy be Reconciled? A Mitigation Perspective. Tourism Recreation Research, 35(2): 119-130. DOI: 10.1080/02508281.2010.11081628.
  27. Gössling S., Scott D., Hall C.M. (2018). Global trends in length of stay: Implications for destination management and climate change. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 26(12): 2087-2101. DOI: 10.1080/09669582.2018.1529771.
  28. Gössling S., Scott D., Hall C.M. (2020). Pandemics, tourism and global change: A rapid assessment of COVID-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29(1): 1-20. DOI: 10.1080/09669582.2020.1758708.
  29. Hall C.M. (2009). Degrowing tourism: Décroissance, sustainable consumption and steady-state tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20(1): 46-61. DOI: 10.1080/13032917.2009.10518894.
  30. Hall C.M., Scott D., Gössling S. (2020). Pandemics, transformations and tourism: be careful what you wish for. Tourism Geographies, 22(3): 577-598. DOI: 10.1080/14616688.2020.1759131.
  31. Higgins-Desbiolles F. (2020). Socialising tourism for social and ecological justice after COVID-19. Tourism Geographies, 22(3): 610-623. DOI: 10.1080/14616688.2020.1757748.
  32. Higgins-Desbiolles F. (2021). The “war over tourism”: challenges to sustainable tourism in the tourism academy after COVID-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29(4): 551-569. DOI: 10.1080/09669582.2020.1803334.
  33. Higgins-Desbiolles F. (2023). Subsidiarity in tourism and travel circuits in the face of climate crisis. Current Issues in Tourism, 26(19): 3091-3101. DOI: 10.1080/13683500.2022.2116306.
  34. Higgins-Desbiolles F. et al. (2019). Degrowing tourism: rethinking tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(2): 1-19. DOI: 10.1080/09669582.2019.1601732.
  35. Higgins-Desbiolles F., Bigby B.C. (2022). Introduction. In: Higgins-Desbiolles F., Bigby B.C., Eds., The local turn in tourism: Empowering communities, 95: 1-27. Channel View Publications.
  36. Ioannides D., Gyimóthy S. (2020). The COVID-19 crisis as an opportunity for escaping the unsustainable global tourism path. Tourism Geographies, 22(3): 624-632. DOI: 10.1080/14616688.2020.1763445.
  37. Jeuring J.H.G., Haartsen T. (2017). The challenge of proximity: the (un)attractiveness of near-home tourism destinations. Tourism Geographies, 19(1): 118-141. DOI: 10.1080/14616688.2016.1175024.
  38. Jeuring J.H.G., Diaz-Soria I. (2017). Introduction: proximity and intraregional aspects of tourism. Tourism Geographies, 19(1): 4-8. DOI: 10.1080/14616688.2016.1233290.
  39. Kaján E., Saarinen J. (2013). Tourism, climate change and adaptation: a review. Current Issues in Tourism, 16(2): 167-195. DOI: 10.1080/13683500.2013.774323.
  40. Kock F. et al. (2020). Understanding the COVID-19. Annals of Tourism Research, 8: 103053. DOI: 10.1016/j.annals.2020.103053.
  41. Krasna F., Favretto A. (2024). Promuovere l’integrazione socio-culturale attraverso il turismo sostenibile di prossimità: Il caso di Pisino e dei suoi dintorni. Documenti Geografici, 3: 67-82. DOI: 10.19246/DOCUGEO2281-7549/202403_05.
  42. Lamers M., Student J. (2021). Learning from COVID-19? An environmental mobilities perspective and flows perspective on dynamic vulnerabilities in coastal tourism settings. Maritime Studies, 20(4): 475-486. DOI: 10.1007/s40152-021-00242-1.
  43. Larsen G.R., Guiver J. (2013). Understanding tourists’ perceptions of distance: a key to reducing the environmental impacts of tourism mobility. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 21: 968-981. DOI: 10.1080/09669582.2013.819878.
  44. Latouche S. (2008). Breve trattato sulla decrescita serena. Torino: Bollati Boringhieri.
  45. Latouche S. (2005). Come sopravvivere allo sviluppo. Torino: Bollati Boringhieri.
  46. Lucia M.G., Rota F.S. (2023). The contribution of proximity forest tourism to community building and local development. GeoProgress Journal, 10(1): 65-86.
  47. Maglio M., Riccio C. (2024). Cambiamenti climatici ed ecoansia. Il turismo di prossimità nell’area Terminio Cervialto. Documenti Geografici, 3: 343-363. DOI: 10.19246/DOCUGEO2281-7549/202403_18.
  48. Magnani E. (2023). “La maggiore sfida per la sostenibilità del turismo nel XXI secolo”: il complesso nesso tra cambiamento climatico e turismo. Rivista geografica italiana, 3: 7-24. DOI: 10.3280/rgioa3-2023oa16397.
  49. Manthiou A. (2025). Slow Tourism Development and Planning: A Sustainable Form of Tourism?, Tourism Planning & Development, 22(2): 238-240. DOI: 10.1080/21568316.2025.2464984.
  50. Mostafanezhad M., Norum R. (2019). The anthropocenic imaginary: political ecologies of tourism in a geological epoch. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(4): 421-435. DOI: 10.1080/09669582.2018.1544252.
  51. MDF. Movimento per la decrescita felice (s.d.). https://decrescitafelice.it/ (Ultima consultazione: 14/07/2025).
  52. Murray I., Fletcher R., Blázquez-Salom M., Blanco-Romero A., Cañada E., Sekulova F. (2023). Tourism and degrowth. Tourism Geographies, 1(11). DOI: 10.1080/14616688.2023.2293956.
  53. Pinto, H., Barboza, M., Nogueira, C. (2025). Perceptions and Behaviors Concerning Tourism Degrowth and Sustainable Tourism: Latent Dimensions and Types of Tourists. Sustainability, 17: 387. DOI: 10.3390/su17020387.
  54. Rantala O. et al. (2020). Envisioning Tourism and Proximity after the Anthropocene. Sustainability, 12(10): 3948. DOI: 0.3390/su12103948.
  55. Rastegar R., Higgins-Desbiolles F., Ruhanen L. (2023). Tourism, global crises and justice: rethinking, redefining and reorienting tourism futures. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 31(12): 2613-2627. DOI: 10.1080/09669582.2023.2219037.
  56. Rastegar R., Ruhanen L. (2023). Climate change and tourism transition: From cosmopolitan to local justice. Annals of Tourism Research, 100, 103565. DOI: 10.1016/j.annals.2023.103565.
  57. Romagosa F. (2020). The COVID-19 crisis: Opportunities for sustainable and proximity tourism. Tourism Geographies, 22(3): 690-694. DOI: 10.1080/14616688.2020.1763447.
  58. Scott D., Hall C.M., Gössling S. (2012). Tourism and climate change: impacts, adaptation and mitigation. London and New York: Routledge.
  59. Scott D., Gössling S. (2015). What could the next 40 years hold for global tourism? Tourism Recreation Research, 40(3): 269-285. DOI: 10.1080/02508281.2015.1075739.
  60. Seyfi S., Hall C.M., Saarinen J. (2022). Rethinking sustainable substitution between domestic and international tourism: A policy thought experiment. Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events: 1-15. DOI: 10.1080/19407963.2022.2100410.
  61. Sharpley R. (2000). Tourism and Sustainable Development: Exploring the Theoretical Divide. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 8(1): 1-19. DOI: 10.1080/09669580008667346.
  62. Sharpley R. (2020). Tourism, sustainable development and the theoretical divide: 20 years on. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28(11): 1932-1946. DOI: 10.1080/09669582.2020.1779732.
  63. Sheller M. (2021). Mobility Justice and the Return of Tourism after the Pandemic. Mondes du Tourisme [online], 19. DOI: 10.4000/tourisme.3463.
  64. Sun YY., Faturay F., Lenzen M. et al. (2024). Drivers of global tourism carbon emissions. Nature Communications, 15, 10384. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-54582-7.
  65. Tourism and climate change (2025). Testo disponibile al sito: www.statista.com/topics/13328/tourism-and-climate-change/#topicOverview.
  66. UNTourism (2025). International tourism recovers pre-pandemic levels in 2024. 21 January. Testo disponibile al sito: www.unwto.org/news/international-tourismrecovers-pre-pandemic-levels-in-2024#:~:text=With%201.4%20billion%20international%20tourist,crisis%20in%20the%20sector’s%20history.
  67. UNWTO (2020). UNWTO Highlights Potential of Domestic Tourism to Help Drive Economic Recovery in Destinations Worldwide. Testo disponibile al sito: https://www.unwto.org/news/unwto-highlights-potential-of-domestic-tourism-to-help-driveeconomic-recovery-in-destinations-worldwide (Ultimo accesso: 08/04/2025).
  68. Zignale M. (2024). Turismo di prossimità. La percezione dei luoghi come riscoperta e valorizzazione del territorio locale. Documenti Geografici, 3: 53-65. DOI: 10.19246/DOCUGEO2281-7549/202403_04.