Although a relationship between spatial governance, and land consumption is likely, there are no systematic studies on the issue. The aim of this contribution is to verify whether the variations of land consumption recorded in Europe since 2000 are proportionate to the different performances of spatial governance and planning systems. The comparison, based on the data collected by two ESPON projects, concerns 39 European countries. Overall, the comparison confirms that smaller land take variations are correlated with the European types of system perceived as capable of renewing themselves for a better public control of spatial transformations. Conversely, more marked variations are found in the presence of the more obsolete and less effective types of systems – such as the Italian one.