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FrancoAngeli Journals

Saggi, Studi e Ricerche

N. 70 (2025)

Psicoterapia di gruppo cognitivo comportamentale integrata con tecniche mindfulness e di matrice dialettico-comportamentale nel trattamento del Disturbo da Gioco d’Azzardo: descrizione di un percorso modulare (programma Alea) presso il Ser.D. di Palestrina

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3280/mis70-2025oa20254
Inviata
25 maggio 2025
Pubblicato
31-07-2025

Abstract

Alea è un programma di psicoterapia di gruppo modulare progettato per il trattamento psicologico del Disturbo da Gioco d’Azzardo, che tiene conto dei risultati delle ultime ricerche scientifiche meta-analitiche. Basato sui principi del modello di trattamento cognitivo-comportamentale, è stato integrato con strategie e strumenti delle modalità di mindfulness e comportamentale-dialettica.
Include 7 sessioni organizzate in 14 moduli di trattamento e 3 sessioni di follow-up, mirate a decondizionare e ridurre il comportamento patologico di gioco d’azzardo, migliorare le abilità di auto-regolazione emotiva e gestione del desiderio, e promuovere comportamenti alternativi adattivi che favoriscono un nuovo stile di vita.
Nelle sessioni iniziali del programma, i pazienti sono accompagnati ad aumentare il loro livello di “consapevolezza”, sviluppare una motivazione e un “bisogno di cura” autentici, a lavorare sulle ambivalenze e le resistenze riguardo alla cessazione del comportamento patologico, e ad adottare comportamenti protettivi (chiudere il rubinetto). Nelle sessioni centrali di trattamento, i pazienti vengono addestrati ad auto-monitorare il proprio comportamento di gioco, comprenderne il “significato” e lo scopo, misurare e gestire la propria esperienza di craving e i diversi fattori scatenanti che lo attivano (o amplificano), lavorare sulle principali distorsioni cognitive presenti, riconoscere situazioni a rischio, e adottare strategie di gestione emotiva, cognitiva e comportamentale. Le sessioni finali di trattamento mirano a promuovere e potenziare le abilità sociali e le capacità di problem-solving, e a lavorare sulla prevenzione delle ricadute. Il trattamento presentato è stato proposto nel 2024 a 12 pazienti diagnosticati con Dipendenza da Gioco presso il SerD di Palestrina. Dei 12 pazienti, 10 sono rimasti astinenti dopo 1 anno. I pazienti che non hanno beneficiato del trattamento lo hanno abbandonato durante il processo terapeutico.

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