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FrancoAngeli Journals

Articoli

No. 59 (2024)

Psychological Types between tradition, controversies and modernity

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3280/jun59-2024oa18132
Submitted
luglio 12, 2024
Published
2024-07-22

Abstract

From the edition of Psychological Types (1921) onward, literature and epistolary correspondence helped clarify how typology was anything but Carl Gustav Jung’s main interest. The latter recognized its value as a critical apparatus for sifting empirical material, rather than an attempt to typify consciousnesses. It is precisely the heuristic capacity of types, which justifies their use today in psychotherapeutic and analytical settings. Paradoxically, it is instead their systematization as “characterology” that decreed their success even outside clinical contexts and, from the 1920s onward, their enormous diffusion at every latitude, making the theory gradually more and more relevant for evaluative, training, and orientational purposes. From 1942 to the present, numerous psychometric attempts inspired by Jungian typology are made, derived, congruent, or divergent from the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). While the theory is becoming increasingly sophisticated methodologically, it nevertheless seems to overshadow almost all of the philosophical, literary, and cultural concerns dear to Jung, as noted by James Hillman in a talk given at Eranos in 1976, Egalitarian Typologies versus the Perception of the Unique.

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