The phenomenon of young people choosing extremist projects calls for a reflection that considers educational factors alongside economic and socio-political ones. The article will describe the forms of youth extremism (Islamist, white supremacist and left-wing ideologies) and the different approaches used by the propaganda directed at them. These are true educational models, online and offline, which tend to reconstruct the worldview of ‘radicalised’ young people. The answer to such a complex phenomenon must be found in inclusive citizenship education and critical intercultural education.