Le determinanti socio-economiche del franchising in Europa nel 2007-2016

Angelo Galiano; Angelo Leogrande; Alessandro Massaro

Parte II - Attualità e discussioni

N. 3 (2017): Economia e diritto del terziario

Le determinanti socio-economiche del franchising in Europa nel 2007-2016

Angelo Galiano
Angelo Leogrande
Alessandro Massaro

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Inviata: maggio 24, 2018
Pubblicato: 2018-05-24

Abstract

Il paper analizza il ruolo delle determinanti socio-economiche del franchising in
Europa nel periodo 2007-2016. L’obiettivo del paper è verificare l’esistenza di condizione
socio-economiche prodromiche all’affermazione del franchising. Le variabili
indipendenti utilizzate sono: numero dei franchising, numero dei brand franchising,
occupati per outlet, brand domestici, fatturato per franchising. Le variabili
dipendenti sono indicate di seguito: istruzione, criminalità, livello della spesa in ricerca
e sviluppo, gender pay gap, esclusione sociale, indice di libertà, turismo, servizi,
Human Development Index e investimento nei trasporti. I dati sono sviluppati
attraverso modelli OLS, panel con effetti fissi e panel con effetti random. I risultati
mostrano una associazione positiva tra franchising crescita della criminalità, servizi,
human development index, e sviluppo dei trasporti. L’associazione positiva è
mancante tra franchising e crescita della spesa in ricerca e sviluppo, esclusione sociale,
e crescita della libertà.

Riferimenti bibliografici

Anuar, H. and Chin, O., The Development of Debt to Equity Ratio in Capital Structure Model: A Case of Micro Franchising, in «Procedia Economics and Finance», 2016, n. 35, pp. 274-280.
Baenaa, V. and Cerviñob, J., New criteria to select foreign entry mode choice of global franchise chains into emerging markets, in International Conference on Strategic Innovative Marketing, IC-SIM, Madrid, Spain, September 1-4, 2014.
Cato Institute, (2017, Giugno) Cato Institute. [Online] -- https://www.cato.org/ human-freedom-index.
De Castro, E.C.D., Garcia, A.N., Rad, C.R., and Cataluna, F.J.R., Membership in the Franchising System. A Worldwide Analysis, in 22nd Annual International Society of Franchising Conference, Saint Malo (France), 2008.
De Castro, L.M., Mota, J., and Marnoto, S., Toward a relational perspective of franchising chains, in «Serv Bus», 2009, n. 3, pp. 15-30.
Dfez, J.L., Galan, E.C., El franchising: Espana y Ia CEE, in «Consideraciones legales, lnvestigacion y Marketing AEDEMO», 1989, n. 30, pp. 31-42.
EFF, (2017, Giugno) European Franchising Federation. [Online] -- http://www.efffranchise.com/Data/FRANCHISE%20STATISTICS%20-%20EUROPE%20-%20source-EFF.pdf.
Eurostat [Online] -- http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/en/web/products-datasets/-
/TRNG_LFSE_01, 2017a.
Eurostat [Online] -- https://data.europa.eu/euodp/it/data/dataset/dzrUzxm6nIn
hUs7dpImQ, 2017b.
Eurostat [Online] -- http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/
R_%26_D_expenditure, 2017c.
Eurostat [Online] -- http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/
Gender_pay_gap_statistics, 2017d.
Eurostat [Online] -- http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/
EU_statistics_on_income_and_living_conditions_(EU-SILC)_methodology_-
_Europe_2020_target_on_poverty_and_social_exclusion, 2017e.
Eurostat [Online] -- http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=
tour_cap_nat&lang=en, 2017f.
Eurostat [Online] -- http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.SRV.TETC.ZS, 2017g.
Eurostat [Online] -- http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.e/nui/show.do?dataset=tran_
hv_frtra&lang=en, 2017h.
Falbe, C.M., Dandridge, T.C., and Kumar, A., The effect of organizational context on entrepreneurial strategies in franchising, in «Journal of Business Venturing», 4, 1999, n. 1, pp. 125-140.
Ferri, G. and Leogrande, A., Was the Crisis Due to a Shift from Stakeholder to Shareholder Finance? Surveying the Debate, in «Euricse Working Papers», vol. 76|15.
Garcia, A.N., Dfez, E.C., and Catalufla, F.J., Franchisor type in portuguese franchising, «Portuguese Journal of Management Studies», XI, 2006, n. 2, pp. 97-114.
Gorovaia, N., Knowledge transfer in franchising, in Handbook of Research on Social
Entrepreneurship, Ed. Edward Elgar., 2010.
Griessmair, M., Hussain, D., and Windsperger, J., Trust and the tendency towards multi-unit franchising: A relational governance view, in «Journal of Business Research», 2014, n. 67, pp. 2337-2345.
Ishak, K.A. and Bohari, A.M., The Effect of Relationship Value On Relationship Quality And Loyalty: An Empirical Study, in Franchise System, Conference paper, Seminar on Islamic Quality Management, Kuala Lumpur., 2014.
Michael, S.C., Investments to create bargaining power: The case of franchising, in
«Strategic Management Journal», 2000, n. 21, pp. 497-514.
Micheal, S.C., Can Franchising Be an Economic Development Strategy? An Empirical Investigation, in «Small Business Economics», 42, 2014, n. 3, pp. 611-620.
Michael, S.C. and Combs, J.G., Entrepreneurial failure: The case of franchisees, in
«Journal of Small Business Management», 2008, n. 46, pp. 73-90.
Nogueira, F. and Soeiro de Carvalho, A.B., Networks in the Health and Welfare Sector: a Study Beyond Borders- Portugal/Spain, in Health And Wellness Tourism, Emergence of a New Market Segment., Springer, 2014.
Norton, S., An Empirical Look at Franchising as an Organisational Form, in «Journal of Business», 1998, pp. 197-218.
Onu, [Online] -- http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/human-development-index-hdi, 2017, Giugno.
Ramya, N., Retailing Business Model – Franchising, in «Paripex Indian Journal of
Research», 3, 2014, n. 4.
Wall, K., et al., Demonstrating the effectiveness of social franchising principles: the
emptying of household ventilated improved pits: a case study from South Africa, in «Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development», 2013.
Zięba, K., Internationalization through franchising: selected issues, in «Prace
Naukowe Katedry Ekonomii i Zarządzania Przedsiębiorstwem /Gdansk University of Technology», 2007, n. 6, pp. 409-416.

[1] Anuar, H. and Chin, O., The Development of Debt to Equity Ratio in Capital Structure Model: A Case of Micro Franchising, in «Procedia Economics and Finance», 2016, n. 35, pp. 274-280.

[2] Baenaa, V. and Cerviñob, J., New criteria to select foreign entry mode choice of global franchise chains into emerging markets, in International Conference on Strategic Innovative Marketing, IC-SIM, Madrid, Spain, September 1-4, 2014.

[3] Cato Institute, (2017, Giugno) Cato Institute. [Online] -- https://www.cato.org/ human-freedom-index.

[4] De Castro, E.C.D., Garcia, A.N., Rad, C.R., and Cataluna, F.J.R., Membership in the Franchising System. A Worldwide Analysis, in 22nd Annual International Society of Franchising Conference, Saint Malo (France), 2008.

[5] De Castro, L.M., Mota, J., and Marnoto, S., Toward a relational perspective of franchising chains, in «Serv Bus», 2009, n. 3, pp. 15-30.

[6] Dfez, J.L., Galan, E.C., El franchising: Espana y Ia CEE, in «Consideraciones legales, lnvestigacion y Marketing AEDEMO», 1989, n. 30, pp. 31-42.

[7] EFF, (2017, Giugno) European Franchising Federation. [Online] -- http://www.efffranchise.com/Data/FRANCHISE%20STATISTICS%20-%20EUROPE%20-%20source-EFF.pdf.

[8] Eurostat [Online] -- http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/en/web/products-datasets/-

[9] /TRNG_LFSE_01, 2017a.

[10] Eurostat [Online] -- https://data.europa.eu/euodp/it/data/dataset/dzrUzxm6nIn

[11] hUs7dpImQ, 2017b.

[12] Eurostat [Online] -- http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/

[13] R_%26_D_expenditure, 2017c.

[14] Eurostat [Online] -- http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/

[15] Gender_pay_gap_statistics, 2017d.

[16] Eurostat [Online] -- http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/

[17] EU_statistics_on_income_and_living_conditions_(EU-SILC)_methodology_-

[18] _Europe_2020_target_on_poverty_and_social_exclusion, 2017e.

[19] Eurostat [Online] -- http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=

[20] tour_cap_nat&lang=en, 2017f.

[21] Eurostat [Online] -- http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.SRV.TETC.ZS, 2017g.

[22] Eurostat [Online] -- http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.e/nui/show.do?dataset=tran_

[23] hv_frtra&lang=en, 2017h.

[24] Falbe, C.M., Dandridge, T.C., and Kumar, A., The effect of organizational context on entrepreneurial strategies in franchising, in «Journal of Business Venturing», 4, 1999, n. 1, pp. 125-140.

[25] Ferri, G. and Leogrande, A., Was the Crisis Due to a Shift from Stakeholder to Shareholder Finance? Surveying the Debate, in «Euricse Working Papers», vol. 76|15.

[26] Garcia, A.N., Dfez, E.C., and Catalufla, F.J., Franchisor type in portuguese franchising, «Portuguese Journal of Management Studies», XI, 2006, n. 2, pp. 97-114.

[27] Gorovaia, N., Knowledge transfer in franchising, in Handbook of Research on Social

[28] Entrepreneurship, Ed. Edward Elgar., 2010.

[29] Griessmair, M., Hussain, D., and Windsperger, J., Trust and the tendency towards multi-unit franchising: A relational governance view, in «Journal of Business Research», 2014, n. 67, pp. 2337-2345.

[30] Ishak, K.A. and Bohari, A.M., The Effect of Relationship Value On Relationship Quality And Loyalty: An Empirical Study, in Franchise System, Conference paper, Seminar on Islamic Quality Management, Kuala Lumpur., 2014.

[31] Michael, S.C., Investments to create bargaining power: The case of franchising, in

[32] «Strategic Management Journal», 2000, n. 21, pp. 497-514.

[33] Micheal, S.C., Can Franchising Be an Economic Development Strategy? An Empirical Investigation, in «Small Business Economics», 42, 2014, n. 3, pp. 611-620.

[34] Michael, S.C. and Combs, J.G., Entrepreneurial failure: The case of franchisees, in

[35] «Journal of Small Business Management», 2008, n. 46, pp. 73-90.

[36] Nogueira, F. and Soeiro de Carvalho, A.B., Networks in the Health and Welfare Sector: a Study Beyond Borders- Portugal/Spain, in Health And Wellness Tourism, Emergence of a New Market Segment., Springer, 2014.

[37] Norton, S., An Empirical Look at Franchising as an Organisational Form, in «Journal of Business», 1998, pp. 197-218.

[38] Onu, [Online] -- http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/human-development-index-hdi, 2017, Giugno.

[39] Ramya, N., Retailing Business Model – Franchising, in «Paripex Indian Journal of

[40] Research», 3, 2014, n. 4.

[41] Wall, K., et al., Demonstrating the effectiveness of social franchising principles: the

[42] emptying of household ventilated improved pits: a case study from South Africa, in «Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development», 2013.

[43] Zięba, K., Internationalization through franchising: selected issues, in «Prace

[44] Naukowe Katedry Ekonomii i Zarządzania Przedsiębiorstwem /Gdansk University of Technology», 2007, n. 6, pp. 409-416.