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FrancoAngeli Journals

Sez. generale - Studi e ricerche

N. 51 (2022)

Imagery Rescripting tra vendetta e perdono: una breve rassegna della letteratura

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3280/qpc51-2022oa15183
Inviata
9 gennaio 2023
Pubblicato
18-01-2023

Abstract

L’Imagery Rescripting è una tecnica terapeutica che ambisce a modificare la rappresentazione mnestica di esperienze passate, collegate a dei sintomi. La sua efficacia è stata dimostrata nel trattamento del disturbo da stress postraumatico e in quello della fobia sociale. In questi disturbi, il rescripting prevede che il ricordo sia cambiato fermando l’abuso, togliendo potere all’aggressore e proteggendo la vittima. In tale contesto, una domanda interessante è se sia utile e sicuro oppure rischioso incoraggiare le persone a immaginare di vendicarsi e a esprimere impulsi aggressivi contro il carnefice. Questo contributo si propone di analizzare brevemente gli studi che hanno confrontato gli effetti di rescripting di: vendetta, evitamento e perdono.
Dall’analisi della letteratura sembra emergere che i rescripting di vendetta non aumentano l’aggressività ma anzi la diminuiscono in maniera simile a rescripting non-violenti e all’immagine del luogo sicuro. Inoltre, l’aumento dell’affettività positiva nei rescripting di vendetta sembra essere mediato da un incremento del senso di giustizia dei partecipanti. Tuttavia, studi che hanno confrontato vendetta e perdono, hanno mostrato che essa diminuisce il senso di autoefficacia e non porta a una riduzione dell’affettività negativa rispetto al perdono e all’evitamento.
Infine, le misure psicofisiologiche mostrano che il perdono è un processo che implica un maggiore impatto emotivo a breve termine. Pertanto, una combinazione di evitamento cognitivo (effettuato in questi studi tramite scenari positivi) a breve termine e un lavoro orientato al perdono a lungo termine sembrerebbe fornire l’equilibrio più promettente.

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