Salta al menu principale di navigazione Salta al contenuto principale Salta al piè di pagina del sito
FrancoAngeli Journals

Sustainability Governance: Legal, Economic, and Institutional Mechanisms

N. 2 Thematic Issue (2025): Thematic Issue Sustainability Governance: Legal, Economic, and Institutional Mechanisms, Guest Editors: Karlis Ketners, Vitalii Kotsur

Sustainable Transformation of Civil Service Organisational Culture in the Era of Globalisation

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3280/riss2025oa21095
Inviata
settembre 23, 2025
Pubblicato
2025-12-30

Abstract

The relevance of this study stems from the need to integrate international standards into the public administration system of the Republic of Kazakhstan, particularly in the context of globalisation, the shifting political and economic landscape, and the imperative of sustainable governance. The aim of the research is to analyse the process of adapting international standards within Kazakhstan’s civil service system, with particular emphasis on the recommendations of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and their influence on sustainability in public institutions. The research methodology includes a comprehensive analysis of national and international practices, employing historical and comparative approaches to identify best practices for integrating global experience into Kazakhstan’s administrative system. The findings indicate that the implementation of international standards contributes to the development of a sustainable organisational culture, the strengthening of ethical norms, and enhanced governance efficiency. The conclusions of the study include proposals for legislative updates in Kazakhstan, enhancement of public service ethics standards, and institutional mechanisms that support sustainable administrative transformation and ethical continuity.

Riferimenti bibliografici

  1. Administrative Procedural and Process-Related Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan (2020). -- https://adilet.zan.kz/eng/docs/K2000000350_.
  2. Agubayev, N. (2024). Experience of Civil Service Reform in OECD Countries and Kazakhstan: Results and Prospects. Astana: Center for Research, Analysis and Evaluation of Effectiveness.
  3. Aitkhozhin, K.K., Baisalova, G.T. (2024). Eticheskoe izmerenie gosudarstvennoy sluzhby kak politicheskogo instituta. Bulletin of Abai KazNPU. Series of Jurisprudence, 76(2): 23-30. Doi: 10.51889/2959-6181.2024.76.2.002.
  4. Bogale, A.T., Debela, K.L. (2024). Organizational culture: A systematic review. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1), 2340129. Doi: 10.1080/23311975.2024.2340129.
  5. Bokayev, B., Davletbayeva, Z., Sadykova, K., Balmanova, A., Baktiyarova, G. (2024). Assessing communication competencies of public servants in Kazakhstan: Current status and approaches for enhancement. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 22(2): 667-682.
  6. Bowman, J.S., West, J.P. (2021). Public Service Ethics: Individual and Institutional Responsibilities. New York: Routledge. Doi: 10.4324/9781003203148.
  7. Civil Service Code (2015). -- https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/civil-service-code/the-civil-service-code.
  8. Code of Conduct for Integrity in the Central Public Administration 2016 (2016). -- https://www.government.nl/binaries/government/documenten/decrees/2017/02/10/code-of-conduct-for-integrity-in-the-central-public-administration-2016/NL+Code+of+Conduct+for+Integrity+in+the+Central+Public+Administration+20....pdf.
  9. Code of Conduct for Members of Parliament (1995). -- https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201516/cmcode/1076/107602.htm.
  10. Code of Ethics for Civil Servants of the Republic of Kazakhstan (2015). -- https://senate.parlam.kz/storage/05b752f0d31a48f5b18ff4b42eb095d6.pdf.
  11. Code of Judicial Ethics (2024). -- https://online.zakon.kz/Document/?doc_id=35761707.
  12. Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan (1995). -- https://adilet.zan.kz/eng/docs/K950001000_.
  13. Constitutional Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 132 “On Judicial System and Status of Judges in the Republic of Kazakhstan” (2000). -- https://adilet.zan.kz/eng/docs/Z000000132_.
  14. Constitutional Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 2464 “On Elections in the Republic of Kazakhstan” (1995). -- https://adilet.zan.kz/eng/docs/Z950002464_.
  15. Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. (1950). -- https://www.echr.coe.int/european-convention-on-human-rights.
  16. Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 153 “On Measures to Further Improve the Ethical Standards and Rules of Conduct of Civil Servants of the Republic of Kazakhstan”. (2015). -- https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/U1500000153.
  17. Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 2730 “On Civil Service”. (1995). -- https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/U950002730_/links.
  18. Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 827 “On Further Measures to implement the Development Strategy of Kazakhstan until 2030”. (2003). -- https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/U020000827_.
  19. Dogra, A.K., Sharma, S.K. (2021). Effect of effective patient communication and customer orientation on service quality leading to patient satisfaction: A study of multi-specialty hospitals of North India. International Journal of Management Practice, 14(3): 368-385. Doi: 10.1504/IJMP.2021.115097.
  20. Dolzhenko, N., Assilbekova, I., Konakbay, Z., Garmash, O., Muratbekova, G. (2025). Organization of Transport Services and Transport Process Safety. Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering, 53(3): 277-291. Doi: 10.3311/PPtr.38137.
  21. Dzhanenova, S., Karibaj, A., Tleuhan, R. (2017). Successes and barriers in advancing the ethics of public service in Kazakhstan: the view of ethics commissioners. Public Administration and Civil Service, 3(62): 29-40.
  22. Ethics in Government Act of 1978. (1978). -- https://www.congress.gov/bill/95th-congress/senate-bill/555.
  23. Executive Order No. 12731 – Principles of Ethical Conduct for Government Officers and Employees. (1990). -- https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/executive-order-12731-principles-ethical-conduct-for-government-officers-and-employees.
  24. Garrett, T.M., Peterson, G.D. (2006). On the border (patrol): surveying methods for an agency in transition to the department of homeland security. Homeland Security Review, 1(1): 39-52.
  25. Gong, Y., Yang, J., Shi, X. (2020). Towards a comprehensive understanding of digital transformation in government: Analysis of flexibility and enterprise architecture. Government Information Quarterly, 37(3), 101487. Doi: 10.1016/j.giq.2020.101487.
  26. Ibrahim, A.H.H., Satispi, E., Andriansyah, A., Szczepanska-Woszczyna, K., Kot, S. (2023). New public management rhetoric in developing countries: Will agencification and management control lead to organizational culture transformation?. Administratie si Management Public, 41: 73-90.
  27. International Code of Conduct for Public Officials (1996). -- https://press.un.org/en/1996/19961031.gash3372.html.
  28. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966). -- https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/international-covenant-civil-and-political-rights.
  29. International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966). -- https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/international-covenant-economic-social-and-cultural-rights.
  30. Işık, C., Han, J., Zhang, W., Muhammad, A., Pinzon, S., Jabeen, G. (2024). Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): The nexus of fintech and water productivity in 11 BRICS countries. Journal of Environmental Management, 372, 123405. Doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123405.
  31. Işık, C., Ongan, S., Islam, H., Segota, T. (2025). Exploring the commitment to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) – the renewable energy and tourism demand nexus. Tourism Economics. Doi: 10.1177/13548166251320691.
  32. Ismailov, B., Mansurova, S. (2021). Experience of foreign countries in preventing conflicts of interest in public service. Society and innovation, 1(3): 65-81.
  33. Janenova, S., Knox, C. (2019). Civil service reform in Kazakhstan: Trajectory to the 30 most developed countries?. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 85(3): 419-439. Doi: 10.1177/0020852317722397.
  34. Jilani, M.M.A.K., Rahman, M., Latif, A., Ahmed, N. (2024). Unveiling the complexity of civil service effectiveness index: An asymmetric and ANN modeling. Heliyon, 10(21), e39776. Doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39776.
  35. Karsembayeva, A.S., Junusbekova, G.A. (2024). Organizational culture in the system of state service of the Republic of Kazakhstan: approaches to governance. Astana: Academy of State Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
  36. Khamzin, A.S., Aldashev, S., Tileubergenov, Y.M., Kussainova, A.K., Khamzina, Z.A., Buribayev, Y.A. (2016). Legal regulation of employment in Kazakhstan. International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 11(18): 11907-11916.
  37. Khamzina, Z., Buribayev, Y., Almaganbetov, P., Tazhmagbet, A., Samaldykova, Z., Apakhayev, N. (2020). Labor disputes in Kazakhstan: Results of legal regulation and future prospects. Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues, 23(1): 1-14.
  38. Khamzina, Z., Buribayev, Y., Taitorina, B., Baisalova, G. (2021). Gender equality in employment: A view from Kazakhstan. Anais Da Academia Brasileira De Ciencias, 93(4), e20190042. Doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202120190042.
  39. Khamzina, Zh., Buribayev, Y., Taitorina, B., Yessengazieva, A., Kuttygalieva, A. (2022). Towards nondiscrimination and gender equality: the role of international labor standards. Sustainability, 14(9), 5349. Doi: 10.3390/su14095349.
  40. Krechko, O., Mikhaylov, A. (2025). Global electricity generation from renewable sources using fuzzy sets and spatial analysis: revolution in solar and wind energy in BRICS countries. Quality and Quantity, 59(2): 1553-1571. Doi: 10.1007/s11135-024-02033-2.
  41. Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 148 “On Local Government and Self-government in the Republic of Kazakhstan”. (2001). -- https://adilet.zan.kz/eng/docs/Z010000148_.
  42. Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 410-IV LRK “On Combating Corruption”. (2015). -- https://adilet.zan.kz/eng/docs/Z1500000410_.
  43. Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 416-IV LRK “On the Civil Service of the Republic of Kazakhstan”. (2015). -- https://adilet.zan.kz/eng/docs/Z1500000416.
  44. Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 453-I “On Civil Service”. (1999). -- https://online.zakon.kz/Document/?doc_id=1013958&show_di=1.
  45. Lee, E., Lewis-Liu, T., Khurana, S., Lu, M. (2024). A systematic review of the link between public service motivation and ethical outcomes. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Administration, 46(3): 236-263. Doi: 10.1080/23276665.2023.2247101.
  46. Levakin, I., Trifonova, D. (2015). Code of ethics for the development of the service. Public Service, 2(94): 71-74.
  47. Lisitsa, V., Moroz, S. (2019). Legal regulation of public-private partnership in Russia and other countries of the Eurasian economic union. Russian Law Journal, 7(3): 53-81. Doi: 10.17589/2309-8678-2019-7-3-53-81.
  48. Madan, R., Ashok, M. 2023. AI adoption and diffusion in public administration: A systematic literature review and future research agenda. Government Information Quarterly, 40(1), 101774. Doi: 10.1016/j.giq.2022.101774.
  49. Marreiros, S.I., Romana, F.A., Lopes, A.A. (2023). The impact of organizational culture in the public management leadership style. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 13(5): 312-327.
  50. Message of the President of the Country to the People of Kazakhstan “Kazakhstan – 2030 Prosperity, Security and Improvement of Welfare of all Kazakhstanis”. (1997). -- https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/K970002030_/links.
  51. Mieg, H.A. (2024). Translating values into quality: How we can use Max Weber’s ethic of responsibility to rethink professional ethics. Societies, 14(9): 183.
  52. Mukayev, D., Shalbolova, U., Tanaś, J. (2022). Housing affordability analysis in Kazakhstan based on D-HAQ model. Journal of International Studies, 15(4): 28-42. Doi: 10.14254/2071-8330.2022/15-4/2.
  53. Mukhopadhyay, A. (2022). Ethics in public administration: A comparison of the past and the present. International Journal of Political Science and Public Administration, 2(2): 60-65. Doi: 10.51483/IJPSPA.2.2.2022.60-65.
  54. Nurekenova, E.S., Rakhimberdinova, M.U., Sholpanbayeva, K.Zh., Apysheva, A.A., Shaikhanova, N.K. (2022). Assessment of the economic efficiency of industrial enterprise management during the Kazakhstan integration into the EAEU. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 26(1): 233-249.
  55. Obolonskiy, A.V. (2015). Ethics and Responsibility in Public Service. Issues of State and Municipal Administration, 1: 7-32.
  56. OECD Legal Instruments. (2017). Recommendation of the Council on Public Integrity. -- https://legalinstruments.oecd.org/en/instruments/OECD-LEGAL-0435.
  57. OECD Legal Instruments. (2019). Recommendation of the Council on Public Service Leadership and Capability. -- https://legalinstruments.oecd.org/en/instruments/OECD-LEGAL-0445#backgroundInformation.
  58. OECD. (2024). Baseline report of the fifth round of monitoring anti-corruption reforms in Kazakhstan: Istanbul Anti-Corruption action plan. Doi: 10.1787/f4579337-ru.
  59. Önder, M., Nyadera, I.N., Islam, M.N. (2022). Cross-national comparison of public administration systems: Selected cases across the globe. In: The Palgrave Handbook of Comparative Public Administration: Concepts and Cases (pp. 743-761). Singapore: Palgrave Macmillan.
  60. Ongaro, E., Gong, T., Jing, Y. (2021). Public administration, context and innovation: A framework of analysis. Public Administration and Development, 41(4): 4-11. Doi: 10.1002/pad.1902.
  61. Pchelintsev, S.V., Pchelintsev, S.S. (2009). Some issues of economic regulation in state governance: the Dutch experience of ensuring “goodwill”. Issues of State and Municipal Governance, 1: 48-59.
  62. Recommendation No. R 10 of the Committee of Ministers to Member States “On Codes of Conduct for Public Officials” (2000). -- https://rm.coe.int/16805e2e52.
  63. Republic of Lithuania Law No. VIII-371 “On the Adjustment of Public and Private Interests in the Civil Service” (1997). -- https://e-seimas.lrs.lt/portal/legalActPrint/lt?jfwid=rivwzvpvg&documentId=TAIS.330596&category=TAD.
  64. Resolution of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 940 “On the Program for Further Reform of the Civil Service of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Action Plan of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan for its Implementation”. (1997). -- https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P970000940_.
  65. Resolution of the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On the Regulations of the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan”. (1996). -- https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/B960000001_.
  66. Romero-Carazas, R., Ochoa-Tataje, F.A., Mori-Rojas, G., Vilca-Cáceres, V.A., Gómez-Cáceres, F.Y., del Carpio-Delgado, F., Zárate-Suárez, J.S., Espinoza-Casco, R.J. (2023). Service quality and institutional image as predictors of customer satisfaction in municipalities of Perú. Journal of Law and Sustainable Development, 11(5), e0885. Doi: 10.55908/sdgs.v11i5.885.
  67. Shalbolova, U., Chikibayeva, Z., Kenzhegaliyeva, Z. (2021). Efficiency of investment projects to modernize facilities housing and communal services (case of Kazakhstan). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 650(1), 012075. Doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/650/1/012075.
  68. Shein, E. (2002). Organizational Culture and Leadership. Saint Petersburg: Publishing House Peter.
  69. Standards of Ethical Conduct for Employees of the Executive Branch. (2017). -- https://www.oge.gov/web/oge.nsf/Resources/Standards+of+Ethical+Conduct+for+Employees+of+the+Executive+Branch.
  70. Taitorina, B.A., Kabklakatov, A.A. (2024). Organisational-legal culture in public service: Some aspects. Bulletin of KazNPU named after Abai, series “Jurisprudence”, 78(4): 25-33. Doi: 10.51889/2959-6181.2024.78.4.003.
  71. Tannimalay, S., Rahim, N.F.A., Hong, M.C. (2021). The effect of person-environment fit on public servant integrity and performance: Investigating the moderating role of public service motivation. Journal of Governance and Integrity, 5(1): 185-199. Doi: 10.15282/jgi.5.1.2021.7180.
  72. Tlessova, E.B., Shalbolova, U.Z., Berzhanova, A.M. (2016). Financial stability diagnostics for construction enterprises. Actual Problems of Economics, 180(6): 357-367.
  73. Truntsevskiy, Y.V. (2019). On the content of the anti-corruption standard of conduct for state and municipal employees. Bulletin of Tomsk State University. Law, 32: 107-121.
  74. UNDP and the Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan for Civil Service Affairs presented the results of a study to assess the level of ethics of civil servants. (2021). -- https://www.undp.org/ru/kazakhstan/press-releases/proon-i-agentstvo-rk-po-delam-gosudarstvennoy-sluzhby-predstavili-rezultaty-issledovaniya-po-ocenke-urovnya-etiki.
  75. United Nations Convention Against Corruption. (2004). -- https://www.unodc.org/documents/brussels/UN_Convention_Against_Corruption.pdf.
  76. Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948). -- https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights.
  77. Wilson, C., Mergel, I. (2022). Overcoming barriers to digital government: Mapping the strategies of digital champions. Government Information Quarterly, 39(2), 101681. Doi: 10.1016/j.giq.2022.101681.
  78. Xanthopoulou, P., Sahinidis, A., Bakaki, Z. (2022). The impact of strong cultures on organisational performance in public organisations: The case of the Greek public administration. Social Sciences, 11(10): 486. Doi: 10.3390/socsci11100486.
  79. Yudina, S., Razumova, H., Lysa, O., Oskoma, O., Zakharchenko, V. (2025). Optimizing financial management and administration in infrastructure projects for economic recovery. International Journal of Accounting and Economics Studies, 12(2): 337-346. Doi: 10.14419/bk6pnf50.
  80. Zhetpisbayev, B.A., Baisalova, G.T., Shadiyev, K.K., Khamzin, A.S., Buribayev, Y.A., & Khamzina, Z.A. (2017). Legal support of the process of Kazakhstan accession to the OECD: Potential for improving quality of individual’s labour rights regulation. Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics, 8(7): 2302-2307. Doi: 10.14505/jarle.v8.7(29).31.