
The Prison System is a key element of Criminal Justice, but it has numerous critical issues related to overcrowding, structural deficiencies and the difficulty of implementing effective re-education programs. This article analyzes the role of detention not only as a punitive measure, but as an opportunity for the rehabilitation and social reintegration of prisoners. Through the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, in particular with Goals 4, 10 and 16, the importance of a fair and sustainable approach to the Prison System is highlighted. Innovative strategies, including education, vocational training, and psychological support, are explored to reduce recidivism and promote restorative justice. The article proposes a critical and constructive vision on prison policies, emphasizing the need for structural reforms that guarantee respect for human rights and collective security.