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Ricerche di Psicologia/Psychological Research Journal - Open Access

Articoli

N. 4 (2022): Cambiare paradigma per i disturbi del neurosviluppo? Dalla ricerca alla pratica clinica

I disturbi del neurosviluppo: i limiti della diagnosi categoriale e la ricerca dei costrutti di base del funzionamento

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3280/rip2022oa15609
Inviata
13 marzo 2023
Pubblicato
20-03-2023

Abstract

Il contributo, in risposta ai quesiti dell’articolo-bersaglio di Antonietti, Borgatti e Antonietti (2022), analizza in dettaglio i problemi sollevati dalla diagnosi così come indicata dai manuali diagnostici internazionali e propone un approccio integrato che fa riferimento alla ricerca di dissociazioni/associazioni tra sintomi all’interno di specifiche dimensioni di funzionamento. Da qui la necessità di non limitarsi all’osservazione delle caratteristiche fenotipiche del disturbo, ma di individuare i costrutti di base dello sviluppo, le dimensioni sottostanti, e come queste si influenzano tra loro nel corso dello sviluppo. Lo studio delle dimensioni vede quindi, nella definizione dell’endofenotipo, gli aspetti misurabili e altamente specifici del comportamento situati nella posizione intermedia tra sintomi e meccanismi neurobiologici all’interno delle diverse patologie. Per predisporre quindi di un intervento efficace l’attenzione del clinico si deve spostare dalle caratteristiche fenotipiche del disturbo alla descrizione del funzionamento e alla diagnosi di sviluppo.

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