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The Pubertal Crisis Between Metamorphosis and Identity, Between Dependence and Independence

  • Federica Lavista
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3280/pnei2026oa23947
Inviata
ottobre 9, 2026
Pubblicato
16-10-2026

Abstract

The pubertal crisis constitutes a critical developmental stage in which neurobio-logical transformations, new hormonal configurations, and unprecedented relational experiences intertwine, shaping the conditions for a progressive redefinition of identity. From a neurobiologi-cal standpoint, selective synaptic pruning and progressive myelination reshape the reward circuits – the mesocorticolimbic system with the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA) – influencing motivation, emotional regulation, and behavior. The reduction in baseline dopaminergic tone generates a mesolimbic-prefrontal asymmetry that is adaptive but that also exposes, among other things, to massive vulnerability to addiction. The endocanna-binoid system, a key mediator of pleasure regulation and synaptic plasticity, takes on particular relevance in adolescence. Early Life Stress experiences interfere with the maturation of these sys-tems, predisposing to lasting alterations. Alongside the neurobiological dimension, the pubertal crisis must be read as a complex relational process: the peer group takes on a rewarding function comparable to biologically salient stimuli. An interdisciplinary reading offers tools to guide prevention, care, and educational support.

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